Organic Chemistry : Introduction 1

Isomerism

Isomer molecules are molecules that all have the same number and exact types of atoms, but have different way of forming in molecules.

1. Structural Isomer

The position or bonding is different. Thus, it is easy to notice.

2. Stereo Isomer

Same bonding and position, but in the different directed angles such as mirror to another (called Optical.)

Types of Hydrocarbons

according to bondings

1. saturated : all bonds are sigma.

2. unsaturated : some bonds are pi.

according to structures

1. Aliphatic Hydrocarbon : uncyclic carbon chain.

2. Alicyclic Hydrocarbon : cyclic carbon chain.

3. Aromatic Hydrocarbon : cyclic carbon chain with Resonance.

4. Heterocyclic : cyclic carbon chain with some other atoms in the cycle.

according to functional groups

We can classify them in many many many .... manyyyyy functional groups.

 Reference : BCC M.5 Chemistry Book.